Appendix 1: Tables of licensing and community trust survey data

Summary of our fraud survey results for licensing trusts and community trusts.

Licensing and community trusts were within our local government sector, which was made up of eight different entity types. The other seven entity types were airport companies, council-controlled organisations and council-controlled trading organisations, electricity lines businesses, fish and game councils, local authorities, local government (other), and port companies.

These eight entity types made up 22.3% of the total number of respondents from all public entities. The other respondents were working in schools (32.7%) and central government entities (45%).

Licensing and community trust respondents represented 0.6% of all respondents. The following graphs and tables compare the licensing and community trust results with the wider local government sector and the public sector overall. With only nine respondents from licensing and community trusts, readers should not read too much into the results.

We have rounded the percentages to the nearest whole number, so the percentages may not always add to 100.

1: My organisation has a Fraud Policy.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 5 56% 4 44% 0 - 9
Local government 245 76% 49 15% 30 9% 324
All public entities 1143 79% 135 9% 169 12% 1447

2: The Fraud Policy is communicated regularly (annually or biannually).

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 2 40% 3 60% 0 - 5
Local government 136 56% 84 34% 25 10% 245
All public entities 735 64% 295 26% 113 10% 1143

3: My organisation has a staff Code of Conduct.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 8 89% 1 11% 0 - 9
Local government 285 88% 29 9% 10 3% 324
All public entities 1321 92% 86 6% 35 2% 1442

4: The staff Code of Conduct is communicated regularly (annually or biannually).

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 6 75% 2 25% 0 - 8
Local government 163 57% 95 33% 28 10% 286
All public entities 921 70% 286 22% 115 9% 1322

5: My organisation has a clear policy on accepting gifts or services.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 2 22% 6 67% 1 11% 9
Local government 250 77% 48 15% 26 8% 324
All public entities 1025 71% 266 18% 149 10% 1440

6: Receiving gifts, free or heavily discounted services or preferential treatment because of my role in my organisation is …

Graph of Question 6 - Receiving gifts, free or heavily discounted services or preferential treatment because of my role in my organisation is ...

Note: This graph shows the results for all survey respondents, not the nine respondents in licensing and community trusts. The "right" answer to this question is a response that is in keeping with the entity's gifts policy.

7: My organisation has designated a person who is responsible for fraud risks, including investigation.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 3 33% 6 67% 0 - 9
Local government 202 63% 77 24% 44 14% 323
All public entities 971 68% 258 18% 206 14% 1435

8: I am confident that managers in my organisation understand their responsibilities for preventing and detecting the risks of fraud and corruption.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 7 78% 2 22% 0 - 9
Local government 270 84% 26 8% 26 8% 322
All public entities 1282 89% 80 6% 72 5% 1434

9: I am confident that other employees understand their responsibilities for preventing and detecting the risks of fraud and corruption.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 5 56% 3 33% 1 11% 9
Local government 222 69% 53 16% 47 15% 322
All public entities 1049 73% 181 13% 204 14% 1434

10: My organisation reviews its fraud controls on a regular basis (annually or biannually).

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 6 67% 2 22% 1 11% 9
Local government 182 57% 67 21% 73 23% 322
All public entities 960 67% 178 12% 295 21% 1433

11: My organisation takes a proactive approach to preventing fraud and corruption.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 6 67% 2 22% 1 11% 9
Local government 222 69% 56 17% 44 14% 322
All public entities 1105 77% 164 11% 162 11% 1431

12: New employees at my organisation undergo pre-employment screening that includes criminal history checks.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 4 44% 3 33% 2 22% 9
Local government 160 50% 98 30% 64 20% 322
All public entities 1016 71% 251 18% 164 11% 1431

13: I have had fraud awareness training at my current organisation.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 1 11% 8 89% 0 - 9
Local government 80 25% 236 73% 6 2% 322
All public entities 338 24% 1057 74% 36 3% 1431

14: The fraud awareness training that I received at my current organisation was…

Graph of Question 14 - The fraud awareness training that I received at my current organisation was...

Note: This graph shows the results for all survey respondents, not the nine respondents in licensing and community trusts.

15: My organisation carries out due diligence on new suppliers, including credit checks and checks for conflicts of interest.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 5 56% 3 33% 1 11% 9
Local government 149 46% 80 25% 93 29% 322
All public entities 680 48% 366 26% 385 27% 1431

16: My organisation encourages staff to come forward if they see or suspect fraud or corruption.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 9 100% 0 - 0 - 9
Local government 283 88% 18 6% 21 7% 322
All public entities 1258 88% 72 5% 100 7% 1430

17: The culture at my organisation is such that I would be willing to raise any concerns that I may have regarding fraud or corruption and I know that my concerns will be taken seriously and I would not suffer any retaliation.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 9 100% 0 - 0 - 9
Local government 300 93% 5 2% 16 5% 321
All public entities 1357 95% 21 1% 50 4% 1428

18: My organisation has a Protected Disclosures Policy (or similar).

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 2 22% 6 67% 1 11% 9
Local government 199 62% 53 17% 69 21% 321
All public entities 1017 71% 114 8% 297 21% 1428

19: There is a whistleblower hotline at my organisation.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 0 - 9 100% 0 - 9
Local government 39 12% 250 78% 32 10% 321
All public entities 166 12% 1067 75% 195 14% 1428

20: When fraud or corruption risks are raised at my organisation, my organisation takes proactive steps to reduce the risk.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 8 89% 0 - 1 11% 9
Local government 273 85% 4 1% 44 14% 321
All public entities 1236 87% 10 1% 182 13% 1428

21: Credit card expenditure is closely monitored.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 7 78% 1 11% 1 11% 9
Local government 290 90% 4 1% 27 8% 321
All public entities 1280 90% 46 3% 100 7% 1426

22: Staff expenses are closely monitored.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 8 89% 0 - 1 11% 9
Local government 301 94% 5 2% 15 5% 321
All public entities 1381 97% 15 1% 30 2% 1426

23: Should a fraud or corruption incident occur at my organisation, the investigation is conducted by ...

Graph of Question 23 - Should a fraud or corruption incident occur at my organisation, the investigation is conducted by ...

Note: This graph shows the results for all survey respondents, not the nine respondents in licensing and community trusts.

24: Management communicates incidents of fraud to all staff at my organisation.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 5 56% 4 44% 0 - 9
Local government 111 35% 115 36% 95 30% 321
All public entities 416 29% 546 38% 464 33% 1426

25: I am aware of fraud or corruption incidents in the last two years that have gone unreported by my organisation.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 0 - 8 89% 1 11% 9
Local government 8 2% 308 96% 5 2% 321
All public entities 22 2% 1345 94% 59 4% 1426

26: I am aware of fraud or corruption incidents in the last two years that have been reported but gone unpunished by my organisation.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 0 - 8 89% 1 11% 9
Local government 8 2% 299 93% 14 4% 321
All public entities 26 2% 1324 93% 75 5% 1425

27: Inappropriate or personal credit card expenditure is taken very seriously and results in disciplinary action.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 7 78% 0 - 2 22% 9
Local government 261 81% 4 1% 56 17% 321
All public entities 1179 83% 47 3% 199 14% 1425

28: Inappropriate expense claims or expense claims for personal purchases, is taken very seriously and results in disciplinary action.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 7 78% 0 - 2 22% 9
Local government 269 84% 6 2% 46 14% 321
All public entities 1219 86% 37 3% 168 12% 1424

29: I am confident that my organisation will take all reasonable action to recover any money lost through fraud or corruption.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 8 89% 1 11% 0 - 9
Local government 292 91% 5 2% 24 7% 321
All public entities 1319 93% 18 1% 87 6% 1424

30: I am confident that incidents of fraud and corruption that occur at my organisation will be reported to the Police.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 7 78% 2 22% 0 - 9
Local government 250 78% 22 7% 49 15% 321
All public entities 1115 78% 75 5% 234 16% 1424

31: Internal controls are reviewed as part of every fraud investigation.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 6 67% 0 - 3 33% 9
Local government 228 71% 10 3% 83 26% 321
All public entities 1005 71% 29 2% 390 27% 1424

32: How many incidents of fraud or corruption are you aware of at your organisation in the last two years?

No instances 1 or more Total
Licensing and community trusts 3 33% 6 67% 9
Local government 216 68% 104 33% 320
All public entities 1102 77% 320 23% 1422

33: What is the total dollar amount of all incidents of fraud and corruption that you are aware have occurred at your organisation within the last two years?

Licensing and
community
trusts
Local
government
All public
entities
Less than $10,000 2 33% 66 64% 199 62%
$10,001 - $100,000 4 67% 17 16% 45 14%
More than $100,000 0 - 2 2% 17 5%
Don't know 0 - 19 19% 59 18%
Total 6 104 320

34: In the most recent incident of fraud or corruption within your organisation that you are aware of, the main perpetrator(s) was ...

Licensing and 
community 
trusts
Local 
government
All public 
entities
Internal (within the organisation) 6 100% 87 83% 255 80%
External (outside the organisation) 0 - 5 5% 34 11%
A combination of external and internal (i.e. collusion) 0 - 10 10% 24 7%
Don't know 0 - 2 2% 7 2%
Total 6 104 320

35: In the most recent incident of fraud or corruption within your organisation that you are aware of, that involved internal parties, the main perpetrator(s) was ...

Licensing and 
community 
trusts
Local 
government
All public 
entities
Chief executive officer/managing director/principal 0 - 0 - 8 3%
Member of the senior executive/leadership team or equivalent 0 - 1 1% 7 2%
Line manager 3 50% 15 14% 36 11%
Admin/support services 1 17% 18 17% 71 22%
Operational staff 2 33% 54 52% 148 46%
Other 0 - 16 16% 50 16%
Total 6 104 320

36: In the most recent incident of fraud or corruption within your organisation that you are aware of, what type was committed?

Licensing and 
community 
trusts
Local 
government
All public 
entities
No. % No. % No. %
Theft of cash 5 50% 39 29% 85 21%
Theft of plant and equipment 0 - 14 11% 35 9%
Theft of inventory 2 20% 15 11% 33 8%
Theft of intellectual property 0 - 2 2% 6 1%
Identity crime 0 - 0 - 7 2%
Fraudulent expense claim 0 - 8 6% 55 14%
Fraudulent misuse of a credit card 0 - 4 3% 31 8%
Fraudulent misuse of a fuel card 0 - 6 5% 17 4%
False invoicing 1 10% 9 7% 34 8%
Payroll fraud 0 - 14 11% 38 9%
Supplying false credentials 0 - 1 1% 7 2%
False claim for benefit 0 - 0 - 2 0%
Financial statement fraud (overstatements) 1 10% 1 1% 2 0%
Financial statement fraud (understatements) 0 - 1 1% 1 0%
Conflicts of interest 0 - 9 7% 27 7%
Provide false information or fraudulent alteration of documents 1 10% 2 2% 9 2%
Don't know 0 - 8 6% 13 3%
Total 10 133 402

Notes:

Theft of plant and equipment – such as computers, personal items.

Theft of intellectual property – such as confidential information/business information.

Identity crime – either misusing another person's identity or using a false identity.

False invoicing – either internally or externally created.

Payroll fraud – such as falsifying electronic or physical documents such as timesheets, annual leave returns, student numbers, payroll forms.

Supplying false credentials – such as a false CV.

False claim for benefit – such as ACC, Housing.

Conflicts of interest – such as paying or receiving backhanders, receiving undeclared gifts or services to influence decision-making or in return for preferential treatment.

37: In the most recent incident of fraud or corruption within your organisation that you are aware of, how was it detected?

Licensing and 
community 
trusts
Local 
government
All public 
entities
Through the organisation's whistle blowing system 0 - 2 2% 12 3%
Internal tip-off (other than through a formal whistle blowing system) 0 - 26 22% 80 20%
External tip-off (other than through a formal whistle blowing system) 0 - 17 14% 40 10%
Change of duties/personnel (including annual leave, job rotation etc) 1 17% 4 3% 17 4%
By accident 0 - 5 4% 17 4%
By internal control systems (e.g. exceeding financial delegations etc) 3 50% 36 31% 144 36%
By internal audit 2 33% 12 10% 41 10%
By external audit 0 - 1 1% 3 1%
Through a fraud detection system (data mining) 0 - 3 3% 15 4%
Don't know 0 - 12 10% 26 7%
Total 6 118 395

38: In the most recent incident of fraud or corruption within your organisation that you are aware of, what was the estimated dollar amount involved?

Licensing and
community
trusts
Local
government
All public
entities
There was no monetary loss 0 - 9 9% 48 15%
Less than $1,000 0 - 39 38% 104 33%
Between $1,000 and $10,000 5 83% 29 28% 90 28%
Between $10,001 and $50,000 1 17% 6 6% 16 5%
Between $50,001 and $100,000 0 - 3 3% 7 2%
Between $100,001 and $500,000 0 - 0 - 7 2%
More than $500,000 0 - 1 1% 3 1%
Don't know 0 - 16 16% 44 14%
Total 6 103 319

39: In the most recent incident of fraud or corruption within your organisation that you are aware of, what was the main reason that enabled it to occur?

Licensing and 
community 
trusts
Local 
government
All public 
entities
Inadequate internal control policies and procedures 0 - 10 10% 26 8%
Internal control policies and procedures not followed 1 17% 20 19% 85 27%
Poor segregation of duties 0 - 4 4% 10 3%
Easy access to cash 1 17% 11 11% 19 6%
Management override of controls 1 17% 4 4% 15 5%
It was a new type of fraud that our organisation was unprepared for 0 - 4 4% 12 4%
Person didn't think they would get caught 3 50% 41 40% 127 40%
Don't know 0 - 9 9% 22 7%
Total 6 103 316

40: In the most recent incident of fraud or corruption within your organisation that you are aware of, what action was taken against the perpetrator(s).

Licensing and 
community 
trusts
Local 
government
All public 
entities
No action was taken 0 - 6 6% 14 5%
Insufficient evidence/culprit not identified 0 - 0 - 10 3%
Decision/action pending 0 - 2 2% 15 5%
Allowed to resign and no report to relevant authorities 0 - 11 11% 35 11%
Allowed to resign but report made to relevant authorities 1 17% 7 7% 23 7%
Disciplined without any report to relevant authorities) 0 - 15 15% 40 13%
Disciplined and report made to relevant authorities 0 - 1 1% 19 6%
Dismissed without any report to relevant authorities 3 50% 21 21% 44 14%
Dismissed and report made to relevant authorities 2 33% 32 31% 81 26%
Don't know 0 - 7 7% 30 10%
Total 6 102 311

41: I feel secure in my job.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 9 100% 0 - 0 - 9
Local government 299 94% 11 3% 9 3% 319
All public entities 1341 94% 46 3% 33 2% 1420

42: Budgetary constraints mean that my team has to achieve higher targets with fewer resources.

Yes No Don't know Total
Licensing and community trusts 3 33% 6 67% 0 - 9
Local government 194 61% 115 36% 10 3% 319
All public entities 943 66% 423 30% 54 4% 1420
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